Stress and quality of life after suffering a transient ischemic attack

Authors

  • V.M. Zagurovsky Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kharkiv, Ukraine
  • N.L. Kalaytan National Aerospace University M. Zhukovsky “Kharkiv Aviation Institute”, Kharkiv, Ukraine
  • Y.V. Strona National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22141/2224-0586.16.6.2020.216514

Keywords:

transient ischemic attack, hypertonic disease, mala­daptation, stress, quality of life, psychocorrection

Abstract

Background. Transient ischemic attack is a type of acute cerebrovascular accident and is on a significant place among the pathologies of the nervous system. As complications, it is characteristic for hypertension. In the clinical course of attacks, there is no visualization of foci of brain damage and there is an involution of neurological symptoms within 24 hours. Transient ischemic attack is an emergency causing a significant stressful reaction of the person, which leads to changes in the mental sphere. The study of these factors is extremely insufficient, although they have a quite large weight for predicting and conducting timely adequate psychocorrection as a part of the prevention of recurrent ischemic manifestations. The work is aimed at studying the characteristics of the impact of the stressful state on the spheres of the personality after a transient ischemic attack in people with hypertension, and methods of psychocorrection. Materials and methods. The study involved 114 patients with hypertension grade II–III aged 55 to 65 years, of which 59 suffered a transient ischemic attack with hospitalization. The study protocol was compiled in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was conducted on an outpatient basis 30–45 days after discharge from the hospital. For the examination, a clinical and pathological study was used, as well as psycho-diagnostic one with the following methods: the Spilberger-Hanin scale for determining anxiety, the test “Diagnosis of Heim coping strategies”, and World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire. The results were processed by statistical methods minus reliability. Results. After a transient ischemic attack, patients reported signs of chronic mental stress, which was confirmed by high levels of reactive and personal anxiety. It was found that as a result of a transient ischemic attack, the coping strategies changed towards decreasing the degree of adaptability. Emotional ones changed mostly, followed by cognitive strategies. This was expressed in the appearance of non-productive and poorly productive response methods. Against this background, an increase in productive behavioral strategies was observed. Patients showed a decrease in the quality of life in most areas. Perhaps, this was the result of chronic mental stress from the threat of a recurrent attack and stroke, the presence of maladaptation due to the need for changes in behavior and lifestyles. This led to internal resistance, the destruction of familiar stereotypes and the lack of appropriate strategies for compensatory behavior. An increased importance of the quality of life indicators was detected, especially of a personal nature, which is associated with limitations due to the presence of the disease. An individual psychocorrection after a transient ischemic attack made it possible to achieve significant results in improving the adaptation of these patients.

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Published

2020-09-01

Issue

Vol. 16 No. 6 (2020)

Section

Original Researches

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