@article{Arustamian_Tkachyshyn_Kondratiuk_Aleksiichuk_Dumka_2021, title={Dichloroethane poisoning}, volume={17}, url={https://emergency.zaslavsky.com.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/1410}, DOI={10.22141/2224-0586.17.5.2021.240704}, abstractNote={<p>Diagnosis and treatment of acute poisoning from dichloroethane remain a very urgent task for clinical toxicology and clinical laboratory diagnostics since it belongs to the group of potent poisonous substances, the poisoning from which is the most severe. Dichloroethane belongs to organochlorine compounds and is a volatile liquid with a specific aromatic odor, very soluble in alcohol and fats. This substance is used not only for industrial purposes but also for household purposes. It is used as a raw material for the production of plastics. It has a fragrant odor, promotes ingestion for intoxication. Dichloroethane is produced in huge quantities and is used in the production of polyvinylchloride and other polymeric materials, fumigants, and adhesives. Death can occur even after taking 10–20 ml of dichloroethane. When ingested, the maximum concentration of substances in the blood is reached after 3–4 hours from the moment of taking, and the rate of absorption increases when taken together with alcohol and fats. Absorbed into the blood, toxic substances accumulate in lipid-rich tissues (brain, liver, omentum, adrenal glands). The toxicity of dichloroethane is due to its metabolism into chloroethanol and monochloroacetic acid, which on the first day determine the clinical picture of a narcotic and depressive effect on the central nervous system and exotoxic shock (at doses exceeding lethal doses), toxic liver dystrophy (on days 2–5), toxic nephropathy, gastrointestinal syndrome. Preventive measures for dichloroethane poisoning include compliance with all safety rules at work and home. Employees of enterprises dealing with this toxic substance must work in rooms with constantly forced ventilation, in industrial filter respirators (gas masks), and protective clothing.</p>}, number={5}, journal={EMERGENCY MEDICINE}, author={Arustamian, O.M. and Tkachyshyn, V.S. and Kondratiuk, V.E. and Aleksiichuk, A.Y. and Dumka, I.V.}, year={2021}, month={Sep.}, pages={27–32} }